What is the difference between a closed circuit and an open circuit?

The distinction between a closed circuit and an open circuit fundamentally lies in the functionality of electrical flow. A closed circuit is one in which the electrical path is complete, allowing current to flow through it, making the circuit active. This means that all components of the circuit can operate as intended, delivering energy to devices or loads connected within that circuit.

On the other hand, an open circuit experiences a break somewhere in its pathway, which prevents electrical current from flowing. Consequently, the circuit is inactive and cannot perform any functions or power devices until it is restored to a closed state.

Understanding this difference is crucial in the context of operating electrical systems, as it directly affects functionality, safety, and maintenance protocols.